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France: The first four-car battery-electric train began carrying passengers in France's Sud region at the end of July, and a month later a second, three-car unit entered service in Occitanie.
Bulgaria: The first two trains began running on four intercity routes from 1 September. The network will grow as more units enter service.
Romania: The three-car SFEMU-EU01 electric train entered service on the Bucharest–Brașov route in mid-August, operated by Astra Trans, a subsidiary of railcar builder Astra Vagoane.
Spain: Renfe put its first Stadler-built series 453 trains into passenger service on 24 August, running a four-car and an eight-car set on the 71.6 km C-7 line.
Uzbekistan: First in the country push-pull train from China's CRRC entered service in mid-August, running on a new 11 km line linking Urgench International Airport with the railway station in Khiva.
India: Plants of Indian Railways will build and maintain all Vande Metro EMUs ordered for Mumbai, under a project worth INR 192.9 bln ($2 bln). The contract covers 2,856 cars in total plus 35 years of maintenance.
Contracts and deals in the passenger rolling stock markets.
Austria: The five-car double-deck trainset has been demonstrated to media representatives in Vienna.
Bulgaria: On 14 August, a fleet of eight four-car trainsets entered service on the country’s regional lines. A total of 20 EMUs ordered in 2020 are reported to be launched within a week.